Paronychia

Nail Infection

Overview

Paronychia is an infection of the skin around the fingernail or toenail (the nail fold). Acute paronychia is usually caused by bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) entering through a break in the skin, often from nail biting, manicures, or hangnails. Chronic paronychia is typically caused by Candida and is associated with prolonged moisture exposure.

Key Symptoms

• Red, swollen, tender skin alongside or around the nail
• Pain and throbbing in the affected finger or toe
• Pus may accumulate under the nail fold
• Nail may become discolored or distorted
• Acute onset after trauma (acute) or gradual onset (chronic)
• Chronic paronychia may cause ridged or thickened nails

Affected Areas

Fingernails, Toenails, Nail folds, Cuticle area

Care Instructions

1. Soak the affected finger or toe in warm water for 15 minutes, 3–4 times daily.
2. See a doctor if pus has accumulated — incision and drainage may be needed.
3. Antibiotics (oral or topical) are prescribed for bacterial paronychia.
4. Antifungal medications are used for chronic, Candida-related paronychia.
5. Avoid nail biting, picking at cuticles, and aggressive manicures.
6. Keep hands dry and wear gloves when working with water or chemicals.

Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified dermatologist for diagnosis and treatment.

Prevalence: Common; one of the most frequent hand infections, accounting for approximately 35% of all hand infections