Onychomycosis

Nail Fungus

Overview

A fungal infection of the toenails or fingernails most commonly caused by dermatophytes, candida, or non-dermatophyte molds. The infection causes discoloration, thickening, and deterioration of the nail structure. Onychomycosis is more prevalent in toenails and may be accompanied by pain or functional impairment.

Key Symptoms

• Nail discoloration (yellow, brown, or white)
• Nail thickening and brittleness
• Crumbling and deterioration of nail structure
• Subungual debris accumulation
• Onycholysis (separation from nail bed)
• Potential secondary bacterial infection

Affected Areas

Toenails (great toe most common), Fingernails, Nail bed, Nail matrix

Care Instructions

1. Apply topical antifungal solutions (amorolfine or ciclopirox) to affected nails regularly.
2. File nails short and keep them dry.
3. Wear breathable footwear and moisture-wicking socks.
4. Consider oral antifungal therapy for severe or extensive infection.
5. Trim nails straight across and avoid tight footwear.
6. Attend periodic follow-up appointments to monitor treatment response.

Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified dermatologist for diagnosis and treatment.

Prevalence: Affects approximately 10–15% of the global population, higher in older adults and diabetics