Erythema Nodosum

Erythema Nodosum

Overview

Erythema nodosum is an inflammatory condition that causes tender, red or violet nodules (bumps) under the skin, most commonly on the shins. It represents a hypersensitivity reaction and can be triggered by infections, medications, inflammatory bowel disease, sarcoidosis, or pregnancy. It is the most common form of panniculitis.

Key Symptoms

  • Tender, firm, red or violet nodules under the skin
  • Most commonly on the anterior shins
  • Nodules are warm and painful to the touch
  • Lesions evolve from red to purple to bruise-like yellow-green over 2–6 weeks
  • Fever, malaise, and joint pain may accompany the nodules
  • Multiple nodules typically appear in crops bilaterally

Affected Areas

Shins (most common), Knees, Ankles, Thighs, Forearms

Care Instructions

  1. See a healthcare provider to identify and treat the underlying cause.
  2. Rest and elevate the legs to reduce pain and swelling.
  3. NSAIDs (ibuprofen, naproxen) can help with pain and inflammation.
  4. Compression stockings may provide comfort.
  5. The condition usually resolves on its own within 6–8 weeks.
  6. A workup for underlying conditions such as sarcoidosis or IBD may be recommended.

Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified dermatologist for diagnosis and treatment.

Prevalence: Relatively uncommon; more common in women aged 20–40, with incidence of 1–5 per 100,000 per year